THE Oluwo of Iwo, Abdulrasheed Akanbi over the weekend underscored the need for people of Osun to pay tax in order for the government to bring about effective development in the state. He made the appeal in Iwo township during the “Thank You” tour of the state governor, Mr Gboyega Oyetola to the people of the community. According to Oba Akanbi, “there is no other way than to pay tax. We cannot continue to rely on funds from the Federation Account if we want to develop this state. What if there is no oil money?” Source: Vanguard 

The federal in land revenue Service (FIRS) is to leverage digital platform sin widening the tax net to meet the N8trillion revenue projection of the government for 2019. In growing the nation’s revenue through taxation to surpass the N5.3tn generated in 2018, the highest revenue generation for the FIRS, there is a need to strengthen legislation on Nigeria’s digital economy. Nigeria digital economy is estimated to worth $88bn by 2021 with a capacity to create about three million jobs. The FIRS in leveraging technology in tax collection, especially Value Added Tax (VAT), is to adopt the DSTV model. Babatunde Fowler, the executive secretary of FIRS said DSTV is one of the first cooperate organisations in Nigeria to implement ‘VAT auto collect’, which has significantly increase on tax collection. “… as you pay your subscription to DSTV, the portion that is VAT is remitted straight to government and that is basically what we are calling on all corporate organisations to do including our state government,” said Fowler. Fowler stated this at the 2019 FIRS stakeholders retreat themed, “Parliamentary Support for Effective Taxation of the Digital Economy” held in Lagos recently. According to Fowler, the FIRS have deployed technology in to tax administration and collection to bridge the burden on tax payers. You can pay your taxes through your phone, on your banking application at no cost. So, in terms of the cost and even all cost of collection has gradually started going down. Basically we have to realise that those who pay taxes are those who make profit and those who earn income,” Fowler stated. Speaking on the revenue generated in 2018 being the highest made by the service, Fowler said “It means it can be done – for the last three years the non oil revenue have exceeded the oil revenue; while the increase in tax payers has doubled within three years and Nigerians now realized the only way to get sustainable economy and get revenue is through taxation”. Data from the FIRS also indicates a rise in taxes collected in comparison of non oil to oil revenue for 2016 – 2018. For non oil revenue, the services collected 64.99; 62.25; and 53.62 percent in 2016, 2017, and 2018 respectively, while oil revenue for the period under review was 35.01; 37.75; and 46.38 percent. Babangida Ibrahim, the chairman House committee on finance said the National Assembly is ready to fast track legislative intervention for a digital economy. “I can assure you that anything that will bring improvement on revenue generation of government will be supported: anything that will assist government in deciding and implementing policy; we will support it,” said Ibrahim. On the implication multiple taxation and burden of widening the tax net to bring in more revenue for government, Ibrahim said “There are many mechanism of widening the tax base; it is only when you widen the tax base that will enable you to collect more tax. Widening the tax base does not mean taxpayers are liable to pay tax – that is what most people do not understand. Source: Punch 

Nigeria’s chances to boost revenue will mainly come from four places: company income taxes (CIT), value added taxes (VAT), independent revenues and customs revenues. But first, just like Nigerians, the FG also needs to pay attention to the small details. Recently, the federal government read a riot act to its independent agencies, which it believes had delivered too little. The FG’s independent revenues from over 400 agencies stood at N295 trillion in 2017. Hence, it is a positive step that the federal government is asking the agencies to submit their budgets through the Budget Office of the Federation and that it would also start reviewing the government’s expenditure patterns on a quarterly basis. However, the biggest help to fix these agencies will come from revamped corporate governance. Most of these agencies are bloated with high levels of inefficiencies, in terms of personnel and overheads. This will require a surgical approach, fiscal discipline, with immense political backing. Maybe then, these agencies can easily provide N600 billion to the federal government. There is also the path through increased VAT. Nigeria has one of the lowest VATs in the world. A flat VAT of 5 per cent does not work and in the non-oil revenue matrix, VAT has seen the highest growth in recent times. It is time that the FG faces the issue and doubles the VAT to 10 per cent, while putting consideration on this for fuel and agriculture-related expenditures. There is a huge political economy to this but Nigeria has to accept that current fiscal practices can help its cause. If the FG increases VAT to 10 per cent, this has the potential of bringing an additional N800 billion into the federation’s coffers. In my view, the 5 per cent VAT should be solely distributed to the federal government. State governments are in more devastating conditions but the challenge is not about giving them more taxes from the current base. It is about encouraging them to be competitive and create incentives for private investments in their states for increased personal income tax (PIT). On the company income tax, I am of the opinion that to spur new capital growth, the current 30 per cent should be reduced to 20 per cent. Nigeria deserves to gain more by doubling its VAT and allowing companies to thrive with tax cuts, and creating more incentives for private investments. There is also the need to ask questions on the warped approach to distributing taxes. Currently, CIT distribution is governed by rules that favour states with large populations. Despite a large financial district in Lagos and increasing investments in the Ogun State corridor, they do not benefit more than other states for such efforts. For example, the company income taxes that Nigerian Breweries pays have no direct linkage to it plants in Lagos or Ibadan, while Kano State (despite its recurrent destruction of beer bottles) benefits more from the distribution of this tax due to its population. How will states benefit from the ease of doing business index without incentivising the corporate income tax? It is appropriate that the FG provides an incentive for states with newly established companies who pay the CIT, as it done with the distribution of VAT. Nigeria can’t run away from the concession of certain institutions to free up government expenditure and end cycles of waste. However, the sustainable way to deepen public sector revenues is to seek the expansion of Nigeria’s private sector, which is too hollow for the size of our GDP. It takes growth in jobs and taxable income to provide opportunity for government… Finding resources for the FG is not easy in a country without a single database of its citizens, weak tax compliance and high level of informal trade. However, with the rise in personnel costs and debt servicing, to reach N5 trillion in the near term, it is only important to ask deep questions. Where are the holes leaking funds that can be plugged? What about maximising funding from existing sources? It will also take long-term approaches backed by an informed leadership. Any sale of asset in joint venture (JV) operations or stolen funds recovered in 2019, should not be considered as a revenue line due to its non-repeatable annual nature. It is a mere short fix to plug the yawning deficit gap. The federal government needs to consider that the revenue angle requires restructuring. There is also need for the consideration of the removal of fuel subsidy. Whatever the FG might be selling to the public, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) reports show that as at July 2018, it has charged N427 billion from domestic crude payments in the name of under-recovery or subsidy. Nigeria can’t run away from the concession of certain institutions to free up government expenditure and end cycles of waste. However, the sustainable way to deepen public sector revenues is to seek the expansion of Nigeria’s private sector, which is too hollow for the size of our GDP. It takes growth in jobs and taxable income to provide opportunity for government to receive taxes. Nigeria needs to boldly face its issues, and the post-election era in 2019 is another window for doing the right thing. We cannot keep expanding expenditure without a review of the other side of the equation – revenue. The federal government might not be able to apply a combination of the removal of subsidy, an increase in VAT, reduction of company income tax or driving efficiencies into its revenue agencies at the same time, due to inflationary concerns or the political economy of these decisions. The federal government needs at least N2 trillion in new revenues to be able to meet its recurrent obligations (not capital) without blowing up the deficit. Whatever path the FG chooses in shoring up its revenue, it won’t be painless but would be a courageous way of fixing an emerging dangerous imbalance. Source: Premium Time

In 2017, when the Federal Government signed the Executive Order to commence the Voluntary Assets and Income Declaration Scheme, many people doubted the political will of the administration of President Muhammadu Buhari to fully implement the tax amnesty programme. The tax amnesty programme, which started on July 1, 2017, came to an end on June 30 last year and it offered a 12 -month window of opportunity for taxpayers to regularise their tax liabilities. In exchange for full and honest declaration, the government waived penalties that should have been levied and also waived the interest that should have been paid on overdue tax. Also, those who declared their tax obligation honestly would not be subjected to any investigation or  tax audit. During the period of the implementation of the tax amnesty programmes, the Federal Inland Revenue Services under the leadership of the Executive Chairman, Mr Babatunde Fowler, also implemented reforms aimed at improving the level of voluntary compliance. Before the commencement of the current administration, Nigeria’s tax system was unable to effectively achieve its objective of ensuring voluntary compliance due to lack of robust framework for the taxation of informal sector and high networth individuals, thus limiting the revenue base and creating inequality. In a bid to address these challenges, the FIRS came up with various technology -driven initiatives aimed at increasing the number of taxpayers, and reducing taxpayers’ burden by making tax payment more convenient. Some of these initiatives were the deployment of electronic payment channels for registration, filing, payment, receipt  and tax clearance certificate to facilitate easy remittance of taxes by taxpayers. The service also came up with information exchange for third party databases which was implemented in collaboration with government agencies such as the Nigeria Customs Service, and the Corporate Affairs Commission, among others. Since the implementation of these reform, investigations by our correspondent showed that the number of registered taxpayers had increased from 10 million in 2015 to about 19 million in 2018. Figures obtained from the FIRS showed that within a three-year period covering January 2016 and December 2018, the country earned a total of N12.65tn in tax revenue. An analysis of the tax revenue figures obtained by our correspondent from the FIRS showed that the amount was generated from two major sources of taxes which were oil tax and non-oil tax. The oil tax is made up of Petroleum Profit Tax while the non-oil taxes are Company Income Tax, Gas Income, Capital Gains Tax, Stamp Duty, Value Added Tax, Education Tax, Tax Amnesty and Nigerian Information Technology Development Fund. Under PPT, analysis of the tax revenue figures from the FIRS revealed that the sum of N5.14tn was generated between 2015 and 2018, while the balance of N7.51tn was earned from non-oil tax collection during the three- year period. A breakdown of the N12.65tn revenue collection figure showed that the sum of N3.3tn was generated in 2016. In 2017, the amount rose to N4.02tn before the service recorded its highest revenue collection figure  of N5.32tn in its entire history in 2018. Further breakdown of the PPT of N5.14tn revealed that N1.15tn was collected in 2016, while the tax figure rose in the 2017 and 2018 fiscal years to N1.52tn and N2.47tn respectively. Source: Punch 

Every country collects different taxes from its residents and local companies. What are the types of taxes in Nigeria in 2019? Let us describe them all. This will be useful information for everyone who thinks about launching a new business in our country or investing their money into a local project. Types of taxes collected by state government in Nigeria. Nigeria is a modern country with a huge population that accounts for more than 190 million people. All these people are expected to pay taxes if they work, run a company, do freelance projects or earn money in any different way. It is important to know all the different types of taxes in Nigeria because you must pay them correctly and according to your occupation. Non-paying can result in expensive fines that can cut down your profits and make you earn way less than you possibly could. Various types of taxes in Nigeria are collected by Federal Inland Revenue Service shortly abbreviated as FIRS. Types of taxes in Nigeria in 2019? Official website of FIRS lists many types of taxes collected in Nigeria. As of today, there are 9 of them: CIT, WHT, VAT, PPT, PIT, SD, CGT, NITDL, EDT Finances have to be counted, taxes must be paid. You already know what are the types of taxes in Nigeria. Now, let us shortly describe each of them. CIT (Companies Income Tax) This is one of the main types of taxes collected by state government in Nigeria. CIT stands for Companies Income Tax. Each firm or company that is established in our country has to pay tax on its profit. How much is CIT value? Businesses have to pay 30 percent of their overall profit. The time when this tax is paid depends on whether the firm is new or already exists. By the way, if a firm is at least 4-year-old, it could pay the minimum tax. Everything depends on its profit. Such an exemption is possible if the company has made a loss or its payable amount is lower than 30 percent. WHT (Withholding Tax) These three capital letters stand for Withholding Tax. It is also used on the profit and depends on each transaction. Businesses pay it in advance on their income, right after the transaction was made. How much is WHT? Unlike CIT that can get up to 30 percent, WHT tax is way lower. It can range from 5 to 10 percent, and it must be filed for on the twenty-first day of a profitable month. It is necessary to pay Withholding Tax on time. If these types of taxes in Nigeria are paid later than supposed, you would have to pay the penalty, an expensive one. Each new month would add 5,000 Naira to the original penalty of 25,000 Naira per the first month. VAT (Value Added Tax) This is another type of taxes collected in Nigeria in 2019. VAT stands for Value Added Tax. It is usually paid by consumers and it consists of several stages. Customers who go to the store to buy products, goods, food, toys, equipment, service are charged about 5 percent of the cost unless the product is exempted by the Tax Act. The final customers pay this tax however they do not file it every month. This is the task of the company or firm that sells service or goods with VAT. PPT (Petroleum Profits Tax) This abbreviation stands for Petroleum Profits Tax. This is one of the various types of taxes in Nigeria that are only paid by firms involved in different operations in the petroleum sector of the economy. The income of such companies can be only liable to PPT and not CIT (on the same profit). The tax can get as high as over 65 percent per the company’s profit for some firms, or it can get even higher up to 85 percent for some petroleum firms. Sometimes PPT tax can be as low as 50 percent if the firm operates under the production sharing contract. Those companies that fail to file their taxes on time are usually charged 10,000 Naira penalty which can grow by 2,000 Naira by each additional day of failure. PIT (Personal Income Tax) What is PIT? This is a Personal Income Tax, another popular type of taxes collected in Nigeria. Each individual who earns any type of profit has to pay taxes, and the amount paid can vary from 7 to 24 percent. If you are a Nigerian, you must pay 20 percent of your gross income plus either 1 percent on top of it the annual income is under 300,000 Naira. Non-payment would result in an unpleasant penalty which can vary from 5,000 to 500,000 Naira depending on whether you are a business owner or employer. SD (Stamp Duties) Did you know that there is a special tax on written documents in Nigeria? It is called SD or Stamp Duties. If a company executes documents between itself and other people (groups, individuals), it is obliged to pay SD taxes. Some individuals who execute documents between themselves are also responsible for paying Stamp Duties on time. These documents can include guarantor forms, bills of exchange, deed of assignment and others. CGT (Capital Gains Tax) If you own any form of property in Nigeria or outside the country, you are obliged to pay CGT or Capital Gains Tax. How much is this tax? You have to pay a flat rate of 10 percent of all chargeable assets. NITDL (National Information Technology Development Levy) Among all the various types of taxes in Nigeria, NITDL is also present. This abbreviation stands for the National Information Technology Development Levy. Only some firms pay this particular tax, and only if their minimum turnover gets over 100 million Naira. The list of such companies usually includes financial organizations, banks, GSM and internet service providers, insurance corporations, etc. How much is NITDL? Its flat rate is 1 percent, and it is paid on the company’s profit

The Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) said that it has so far identified and captured, in its database, over one million taxpayers in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), who have received their Taxpayer Identification Numbers (TIN), through personalised SMS. The executive chairman, FCT Internal Revenue Service (FCT-IRS), Abdullahi Attah, who disclosed this to newsmen in his office, added that taxpayers’ registration and issuance of Tax Identification Number (TIN) is a continuous process in the territory. Attah, therefore advised FCT residents who are yet to get their TIN to visit any of the 10 FCT-IRS offices and obtain same through a process that lasts for not more than 10 minutes. He revealed that the service has developed partnership with all the commercial banks and key payment platforms to enable taxpayers pay their tax wherever they are in the world. The executive chairman also reminded employers of labour that they have a duty under the law, to deduct correct amount of PAYE from their staff and remit to FCT-IRS immediately after every deduction, adding that non-deduction of PAYE and late remittance attract penalties. He continued: “One of our main objectives is to ensure that all taxpayers in the FCT file their annual tax returns in the manner and within the time specified by law. Filing of annual tax returns is mandatory on each and every taxable person, whether under formal employment or in the informal sector.” Source: Leadership Newspaper